Monday, April 16, 2012

garch

Reference:http://www.principlesofeconometrics.com/poe4/poe4sas_files/chap14.sas



/* file chap14.sas */
/* Set up Information */

/* This code assumes that the SAS data sets for
Principles of Econometics 4e are in the default
directory. */

/* Data sets can be downloaded from
http://www.principlesofeconometrics.com/poe4/poe4sas.htm

See http://www.principlesofeconometrics.com/poe4/usingsas.htm
for SAS code for all chapters in Principles of Econometrics, 4e
Hill, Griffiths and Lim (2011), John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Copyright C 2012 by R. Carter Hill and Randall C. Campbell
used for "Using SAS for Econometrics"
by R. Carter Hill and Randall C. Campbell (2012)
John Wiley and Sons, Inc. */

options nodate nonumber linesize=78 label;

data returns; * open data set;
set 'returns'; * read returns;
run;
proc contents data=returns position; * examine contents;
run;
options nolabel; * turn off labels;

/* summary statistics using PROC MEANS */
proc means data=returns;
title 'summary statistics for stock returns data';
run;

/* create date variable */
data returns; * open data set;
set returns; * read data;
retain date '1dec87'd; * date variable;
date=intnx('mon',date,1); * update dates;
format date yymmc.; * format for date;
year = 1988 + int((_n_-1)/12); * year;
month = mod(_n_-1, 12) + 1; * month;
run;

proc print data=returns (obs=6);
title 'returns data with date variables';
run;

/* plot series using PROC GPLOT */
symbol1 value=point interpol=join; * symbol for diagram;
proc gplot data=returns;
plot nasdaq*date=1 / hminor=1;
title 'United States: Nasdaq';
run;
plot allords*date=1 / hminor=1;
title 'Australia: All Ordinaries';
run;
plot ftse*date=1 / hminor=1;
title 'United Kingdom: FTSE';
run;
plot nikkei*date=1 / hminor=1;
title 'Japan: Nikkei';
run;

/* generate histograms of returns for each series */
proc univariate data=returns;
var nasdaq;
histogram / normal endpoints=-30 to 30 by 2.5;
title 'United States: Nasdaq';
run;
proc univariate data=returns;
var allords;
histogram / normal endpoints=-20 to 20 by 1;
title 'Australia: All Ordinaries';
run;
proc univariate data=returns;
var ftse;
histogram / normal endpoints=-16 to 20 by 1;
title 'United Kingdom: FTSE';
run;
proc univariate data=returns;
var nikkei;
histogram / normal endpoints=-30 to 30 by 2.5;
title 'Japan: Nikkei';
run;

/* open byd */
data byd; * open data set;
set 'byd'; * read byd;
time = _n_; * time variable;
run;

/* summary statistics */
proc means data=byd;
title 'summary statistics for BYD data';
run;

/* plot series using PROC GPLOT */
symbol1 value=point interpol=join; * symbol for diagram;
proc gplot data=byd;
plot r*time=1 / hminor=1;
title 'BYD returns';
run;

/* regress byd returns on constant and save residuals */
proc autoreg data=byd;
model r = ;
output out=bydout r=ehat;
title 'estimate mean of byd returns and save residuals';
run;

/* create squared residual and its lag for ARCH test */
data bydout; * open data set;
set bydout; * read data;
ehatsq = ehat**2; * squared residuals;
ehatsq1 = lag(ehatsq); * lagged squared residuals;
run;

/* test for ARCH effects */
proc autoreg data=bydout;
model ehatsq = ehatsq1; * auxiliary regression;
title 'test for ARCH effects in byd data';
run;

/* calculate LM test statistic and critical values */
data archtest;
t = 500; * sample size;
q = 1; * # ARCH effects;
rsq = 0.1246; * Regression R-sq;
lm = (t-q)*rsq; * LM test statistic;
chic_95 = cinv(.95,q); * 95% critical value;
chic_99 = cinv(.99,q); * 99% critical value;
pval = 1 - probchi(lm,1); * p-value;
run;
proc print data=archtest; * print;
var t rsq lm chic_95 chic_99 pval; * variable list;
title 'LM test for ARCH effects';
run;

/* estimate ARCH(1) model using PROC AUTOREG */
proc autoreg data=bydout;
model r = / method=ml archtest
garch=(q=1); * ARCH(1) errors;
output out=bydout r=ehat_arch ht=harch;* forecast volatility;
title 'estimate ARCH(1) model and forecast volatility';
run;

/* estimate ARCH(1) model using PROC MODEL */
proc model data=bydout; * initiate model;
r = intercept; * mean equation;
h.r = arch0+arch1*xlag(resid.r**2, mse.r); * variance equation;
fit r / fiml method=marquardt;
bounds arch0 arch1 >= 0; * restrict arch parameters;
title 'ARCH(1) estimates using PROC MODEL';
run;

/* plot conditional variances using PROC GPLOT */
proc gplot data=bydout;
plot harch*time=1 / hminor=10;
title 'plot of conditional variance: ARCH(1) model';
run;

/* estimate GARCH(1,1) model using PROC AUTOREG */
proc autoreg data=bydout;
model r = / method=ml archtest
garch=(p=1,q=1); * GARCH(1,1) errors;
output out=bydout r=ehat_garch ht=hgarch11;* forecast volatility;
title 'estimate GARCH(1,1) model and forecast volatility';
run;

/* plot conditional variances using PROC GPLOT */
proc gplot data=bydout;
plot hgarch11*time=1 / hminor=10;
title 'plot of conditional variance: GARCH(1,1) model';
run;

/* estimate GARCH(1,1) model using PROC MODEL */
proc model data=bydout; * initiate model;
parms arch0 .1 arch1 .1 garch .1;
r = intercept; * mean equation;
h.r = arch0+arch1*xlag(resid.r**2, mse.r)+garch1*xlag(h.r, mse.r);
fit r / fiml method=marquardt;
bounds arch0 arch1 garch1 >= 0; * restrict arch parameters;
title 'GARCH(1,1) estimates using PROC MODEL';
run;

/* create bad news indicator variable and interaction term */
data bydout; * open data set;
set bydout; * read data;
dt = (ehat_garch<0); * bad news indicator; dt1 = lag(dt); * lag; ehat_gsq = (ehat_garch**2); * squared residual; ehat_gsq1 = lag(ehat_gsq); * lag; desq1 = dt1*(ehat_gsq1); * variable for TGARCH; run; proc print data=bydout (obs=5); title 'byd data with bad news indicator'; run; /* estimate T-GARCH(1,1) model using PROC AUTOREG */ proc autoreg data=bydout; model r = / method=ml archtest garch=(p=1,q=1); * GARCH(1,1) errors; output out=bydout ht=htgarch; * forecast volatility; hetero desq1; * bad news term; title 'estimate T-GARCH(1,1) model and forecast volatility'; run; /* plot conditional variances using PROC GPLOT */ proc gplot data=bydout; plot htgarch*time / hminor=10; title 'plot of conditional variance: T-GARCH(1,1) model'; run; /* estimate T-GARCH(1,1) model using PROC MODEL */ proc model data=bydout; * initiate model; label intercept='mean' arch0='var intercept' arch1='et_1_sq' gamma='dt_1*et_1_sq' garch1='ht_1'; parms arch0 .1 arch1 .1 garch .1 delta .1; r = intercept; * mean equation; h.r = arch0+arch1*xlag(resid.r**2,mse.r)+garch1*xlag(h.r,mse.r) +gamma*xlag(-resid.r<0,mse.r)*xlag(resid.r**2,mse.r); fit r / fiml method=marquardt; bounds arch0 arch1 garch1 >= 0; * restrict arch parameters;
title 'T-GARCH(1,1) estimates using PROC MODEL';
run;

/* estimate GARCH-M model with time varying volatility */
proc autoreg data=bydout;
model r = / method=ml archtest
garch=(p=1,q=1,mean=linear);* GARCH-M(1,1) errors;
hetero desq1; * bad news term;
output out=bydout ht=hgarchm p=preturn;* forecast volatility;
title 'GARCH-M model';
run;

/* plot conditional variance using PROC GPLOT */
proc gplot data=bydout;
plot hgarchm*time=1 / hminor=10;
title 'plot of conditional variance: GARCH-M';
run;

/* plot predicted returns using PROC GPLOT */
proc gplot data=bydout;
plot preturn*time=1 / hminor=10;
title 'plot of predicted returns: GARCH-M';
run;

/* estimate T-GARCH(1,1) model using PROC MODEL */
proc model data=bydout; * initiate model;
label intercept='mean'
theta='h_t (return due to risk)'
arch0='var intercept'
arch1='et_1_sq'
gamma='dt_1*et_1_sq'
garch1='ht_1';
parms arch0 .1 arch1 .1 garch .1 delta .1 theta .1;
h = arch0+arch1*xlag(resid.r**2,mse.r)+garch1*xlag(h.r,mse.r)
+gamma*xlag(-resid.r<0,mse.r)*xlag(resid.r**2,mse.r); r = intercept+theta*h; * mean equation; h.r = h; fit r / fiml method=marquardt; bounds arch0 arch1 garch1 >= 0; * restrict arch parameters;
title 'GARCH-M estimates using PROC MODEL';
run;

Wednesday, December 21, 2011

proc reg output

http://saslist.com/hssnow/tag/proc-reg/

useful:)

Monday, December 19, 2011

Macro

http://wenku.baidu.com/view/fef7a0d4360cba1aa811da8d.html

Attached before?

Sunday, November 27, 2011

PROC UNIVARIATE: keywords list

Reference:http://www.sfu.ca/sasdoc


OUTPUT Statement


Saves statistics and BY variables in an output data set.
Tip:You can save percentiles that are not automatically computed.
Tip:You can use multiple OUTPUT statements to create several OUT= data sets.
Main discussion:Output Data Set
Featured in:Examining the Data Distribution and Saving Percentiles , Creating an Output Data Set with Multiple Analysis Variables , and Creating Schematic Plots and an Output Data Set with BY Groups


OUTPUT SAS-data-set> statistic-keyword-1=name(s)
<...statistic-keyword-n=name(s)> <percentiles-specification> ;


Options

OUT=SAS-data-set
identifies the output data set. If SAS-data-set does not exist, PROC UNIVARIATE creates it. If you omit OUT=, the data set is named DATAn, where n is the smallest integer that makes the name unique.
Default:DATAn
statistic-keyword=name(s)
specifies a statistic to store in the OUT= data set and names the new variable that will contain the statistic. The available statistical keywords are
Descriptive statistic keywords

CSSCVKURTOSIS

MAXMEANN

MINMODERANGE

NMISSNOBSSTDMEAN

SKEWNESSSTDUSS

SUMSUMWGTVAR
Quantile statistic keywords

MEDIANP1P5

P10P90P95

P99Q1Q3

QRANGE

Robust statistic keywords

GINIMADQN

SNSTD_GINISTD_MAD

STD_QNSTD_QRANGESTD_SN
Hypothesis testing keywords

NORMALPROBNMSIGN

PROBMSIGNRANKPROBS

TPROBT
See SAS Elementary Statistics Procedures and Statistical Computations for the keyword definitions and statistical formulas. To store the same statistic for several analysis variables, specify a list of names. The order of the names corresponds to the order of the analysis variables in the VAR statement. PROC UNIVARIATE uses the first name to create a variable that contains the statistic for the first analysis variable, the next name to create a variable that contains the statistic for the second analysis variable, and so on. If you do not want to output statistics for all the analysis variables, specify fewer names than the number of analysis variables.
percentiles-specification
specifies one or more percentiles to store in the OUT= data set and names the new variables that contain the percentiles. The form of percentiles-specification is
PCTLPTS=percentile(s) PCTLPRE=prefix-name(s) suffix-name(s)>
PCTLPTS=percentile(s)
specifies one or more percentiles to compute. You can specify percentiles with the expression start TO stop BY increment where start is a starting number, stop is an ending number, and increment is a number to increment by.
Range:any decimal numbers between 0 and 100, inclusive
Example:To compute the 50th, 95th, 97.5th, and 100th percentiles, submit the statement
output pctlpre=P_ pctlpts=50,95 to 100 by 2.5;
PCTLPRE=prefix-name(s)
specifies one or more prefixes to create the variable names for the variables that contain the PCTLPTS= percentiles. To save the same percentiles for more than one analysis variable, specify a list of prefixes. The order of the prefixes corresponds to the order of the analysis variables in the VAR statement.
Interaction:PROC UNIVARIATE creates a variable name by combining the PCTLPRE= value and either suffix-name or (if you omit PCTLNAME= or if you specify too few suffix-name(s)) the PCTLPTS= value.
PCTLNAME=suffix-name(s)
specifies one or more suffixes to create the names for the variables that contain the PCTLPTS= percentiles. PROC UNIVARIATE creates a variable name by combining the PCTLPRE= value and suffix-name. Because the suffix names are associated with the percentiles that are requested, list the suffix names in the same order as the PCTLPTS= percentiles.
Requirement:You must specify PCTLPRE= to supply prefix names for the variables that contain the PCTLPTS= percentiles.
Interaction:If the number of PCTLNAME= values is fewer than the number of percentile(s) or if you omit PCTLNAME=, PROC UNIVARIATE usespercentile as the suffix to create the name of the variable that contains the percentile. For an integer percentile, PROC UNIVARIATE uses percentile. For a noninteger percentile, PROC UNIVARIATE truncates decimal values of percentile to two decimal places and replaces the decimal point with an underscore.
Interaction:If either the prefix and suffix name combination or the prefix and percentile name combination is longer than 32 characters, PROC UNIVARIATE truncates the prefix name so that the variable name is 32 characters.


Saving Percentiles Not Automatically Computed
You can use PCTLPTS= to output percentiles that are not in the list of quantile statistics. PROC UNIVARIATE computes the requested percentiles based on the method that you specify with the PCTLDEF= option in the PROC UNIVARIATE statement. You must use PCTLPRE=, and optionally PCTLNAME=, to specify variable names for the percentiles. For example, the following statements create an output data set that is named PCTLS that contains the 20th and 40th percentiles of the analysis variables Test1 and Test2:
proc univariate data=score;
   var Test1 Test2;
   output out=pctls pctlpts=20 40 pctlpre=Test1_ Test2_ 
              pctlname=P20 P40;
run;
PROC UNIVARIATE saves the 20th and 40th percentiles for Test1 and Test2 in the variables Test1_P20, Test2_P20, Test1_P40, and Test2_P40.

Using the BY Statement with the OUTPUT Statement
When you use a BY statement, the number of observations in the OUT= data set corresponds to the number of BY groups. Otherwise, the OUT= data set contains only one observation.

Friday, November 18, 2011

你有权以自己的方式长大


嗨!亲爱的办公室新鲜人小姑娘:

就在刚才,在洗手间里,我听出了在隔间里伤心哭泣的人是你。回到我的办公室,面对电脑上瞬间涌入的十多封邮件,我突然发现即使最好的现磨蓝山咖啡也无法让自己平静下来,于是我开始给你写这封信。

我知道在你的眼中,我忙碌的要发疯,无情的像个bitch,又无趣的要死,所以我写这封信你一定吃惊之极,但是我写了,因为我并不真的那么忙,也不是bitch,更不无趣。

我想今天对你来说,一定是很艰难的一天。早上,你红着眼睛来上班,我知道你一定又和男朋友吵架了。上午你接了一个电话,脸色立刻黯淡了,是房东要涨房租。度过了这样的半天,也就难怪在下午的会议上,你做幻灯演示的时候语无伦次,以尴尬的沉默告终。接着,在我要上周就交给你做的报表,而你说你还没做好的时候,我板着脸告诉你,如果你不搞明白什么事情是不能拖的,后果将十分严重。

然后我就去忙自己的了。你也许没注意到,我也有自己的上司,如何让他满意是我每一天最头疼的问题。直到我在洗手间里听见你的哭泣,我才又想起你来。你哭泣的声音还那么的稚嫩,于是我一下子想起了,你今年才二十三岁。

二十三岁时候的我自己是什么样子?碰巧,在我记忆中最清晰的也是一次哭泣。那天我现在的老公,当时的男朋友和我在电话里分手,我独自去火锅店吃了一大锅毛血旺,接着发现我的皮包被偷了,所有的生活费和银行卡都在里面。刚从警察局立案出来,我接到了大学同学的电话,邀请我去喝她的喜酒。然后,说是因为心疼红包有点丢脸,但是在当时那确实是骆驼身上的最后一根稻草——我就那样在冬日的街头上,不顾过往行人诧异的目光,放声大哭。

也许生活要让每一个女孩都从一场痛哭开始,了解它玫瑰面纱背后的真面目。而每一个女孩,在生命中的某个时刻,都会被这样的严酷恐吓的失去斗志。但是亲爱的小姑娘,我向你保证,人这一辈子的幸福与苦难,绝对都在你的承受范围以内。生活比你还要了解你自己,它可狡猾了,它给你的苦涩,永远让你失望而又不至绝望。而给你的甜蜜,永远让你浅尝即止而充满想头。总而言之,It sucks, but you will love it.

人在二十多岁的时候,总是愿意相信一句话:生活在别处。你们很轻易的放弃一份工作,很轻易的放弃一段爱情,很轻易的放弃一个朋友,莫不是因为这种相信。可惜人要到很久之后才能明白,这世上并不存在传说中的“别处”。你所拥有的,也不过是你手上的这些。而你兜兜转转最终得到的,也不过是你在第一个站台错过的。

所以小姑娘,我要对你说出今天的第一句忠告:好好工作。工作是一切并非天生公主的女孩成为女王唯一的方式。工作是一切自由幻觉中最接近现实的一种。更重要的是,工作帮助一个女人学会怎样爱自己,然后你才能好好的爱这个世界,爱别人,以及被爱。

我知道,在你的眼里,三十多岁的女人已经老的如同隔夜菜了。四十多岁的女人就可以去死了。没关系,我不介意,因为我自己二十出头的时候也是这样想的。让我再告诉你一句话:比老去更可怕的是老了老了,还没在社会上找到自己的位置。所以亲爱的小姑娘啊,你得加紧了,否则你一回首已是三十身。

现在的你,距离一个成熟、专业的职业女性,还差的很远。

你看,当你穿着泡泡纱公主裙来上班,或者在我和你谈话的时候顺手抓起一个文件夹支着下巴,作为一个女人及一个妈妈来说我觉得你十分可爱,可是下一次我考虑下属升职的时候,可能我无法选择你。

我不需要你下班后加班,小姑娘,我也不需要你在我走近的一刹那赶紧把QQ页面关掉。我们这儿是外企,一切都是结果导向,苦劳不计入分数。但我还是劝你,不妨用功一点。一个人的时间用在哪里是看的出来的。别跟着那些老男人小男人抱怨社会,你改变不了社会,也不可能重新选一个爸爸,对不对?你能改变的只有你自己。

但你也不是真的干的那么坏。怎么,你有这种感觉吗?哦Sorry,那可能是我有意为之的。事实上当你在会议上颤抖着声音阐述你的新模型的时候,会议室里的那一片死寂代表的并不是不屑,而是震惊。因为长江后浪推前浪,我们这些前浪害怕死在沙滩上。所以我们当然不能让你发现我们被推到了。

 现在,让我们聊一聊爱情。鉴于我们都是异性恋,我们姑且把这一点简称为:男人。我二十三岁的那年错爱了一个不值得的男人,导致了我和现在的老公,当时的男朋友的分手。还好后来我又有一个机会回头。

而你,亲爱的小姑娘,我不得不说,你分明也在一场错爱之中。这一点我从你红着眼睛来上班的次数就可以知道。

不过没关系,每一个女孩的二十三岁如果不浪费在错爱之中,简直就是一种浪费。过一段时间,你一定会像当年的我那样明白过来:爱情,归根结底是为了快乐。虽然现在有一个流行的词叫做“虐恋”,但生活不是电视连续剧,和Mr.Wrong一味纠缠下去也拿不到片酬。

其实大多数男人都不懂得,虽然自古有“男人不坏,女人不爱”之类的废话,但是泡妞还就得靠诚意。女人的心灵结构是这样的:最外面的一层属于没有希望的追求者带给我们的小心动;中间的一层属于会伤我们心的坏男人;但是最深刻、最珍贵的心灵角落,永远只属于那个能让你真真切切的感受到爱的男人。

我说的对吗?仔细的感受一下你的现任男友,他伤过你的心很多次,但你在流泪的同时又隐隐觉得,其实他并未触碰到你内心深处,那最细腻敏感的地方。别怀疑,你值得更好的。如果将你比喻成《阿凡达》中的伊克拉,他根本从未完成过“连接”。

 最后是金钱。恭喜你,你开始意识到钱的重要性了!请你非常清楚的明白这一点:在你大学毕业之前,生活不是不严酷,只是当时是你的父母在为你付账单。而现在,你进入社会了,你自觉的将许多欲望视为自己的责任了。

你毕业于不错的大学不错的专业,口齿伶俐,相貌清秀,谢天谢地你还有个大胸!我觉得你真的可以算是非常幸运的女孩了,你觉得呢?其实我也觉得自己十分幸运能够以这样的薪水雇到这样的你,当然我不会告诉你的。等到你自己发现的那一天,我再适当的给你加一点薪水。

你是这样的幸运,你却羡慕我的房子,我的车,我的钻石耳钉。我都不知道你在羡慕些什么。我有的岁月都会带给你,而你有的我再也不会回去。你真的没有必要因为你的衣服不如别人,包包不是名牌,或者存款还不到五位数而觉得不安。因为我们每一个人都是这样过来的,再也没有比二十三岁的贫穷更理直气壮的事情了。

而相反,你不知道当你的年轻肌肤上带一点汗水,在我们这些老家伙的眼中是怎样千金难换的美好。

我不是说我羡慕你,因为我自己的二十岁过的足够耀眼。其实我喜欢现在的自己。我喜欢每一个阶段的自己。电视里常常有女明星受访的时候这样说,别怀疑,是真的。在我像你一样二十多岁的时候,我就像一个没戴眼睛的近视眼,这个世界在我的眼前是混沌的,唯一清晰的只有我青春美丽的身体。

但现在,这个世界对我来说,很清楚。我眼前的路,我眼前的人,当然也包括你。

写到这里,我突然发现,如果我有机会回到十年前,我不会改变任何一件事情,因为我舍不得每一个选择带给我的回忆,即使并不完全是美好的。

所以,亲爱的小姑娘,虽然,生活在今天对于你来说,天是暗的,风是冷的,也许喝口凉水都会塞牙。但是,我多希望能让你了解,一切最终都会化为一个会心的微笑。请好好享受你的二十三岁,努力而不费力的,等待岁月为你揭晓的答案。

你看,生活总是令我们出其不意。你在洗手间里的一次哭泣,却让你的上司老女人理解了二十三岁时的她自己。为此,我要谢谢你。也同时决定了,我只会将这封信存在我的电脑硬盘上。因为你,亲爱的孩子,有权用你自己的方式成长。
 
你的上司老女人
2011年5月


Sunday, November 6, 2011

when you are old

when you are old 

                              William Butler Yeats­

When you are old and grey and full of sleep
And nodding by the fire,take down this book
And slowly read ,and dream of the soft look
Yours eyes had once,and of their shadows deep.

How many loved your moments of glad grace,
And loved your beauty with love false or true,
But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you,
And loved the sorrows of your changing face;

And bending down beside the glowing bars,
Murmur,a little sadly,how love fled
And paced upon the mountains overhead.
And hid his face amid a crowd of stars.



我们手牵手,磨磨蹭蹭地变老吧……

                                                                      http://www.u148.net/article/44139.html

Saturday, November 5, 2011

有意思吧。。。

So cute...

http://www.u148.net/

Always always I tell myself I should be strong, I should be tough...However, I find myself softer and softer...Getting old?

Friday, October 28, 2011

funny and meaningful pics...

So many pics. I wanted to move all of them here. However, the task was too huge...

ENJOY:)


http://www.tianya.cn/publicforum/content/no11/1/1073919.shtml

a touching pic

So touching...Is that lady Jane Goodall?


Saturday, October 15, 2011

macro_if_then

Quite forgetful recently...

Keep referring to old codes:(

http://www.caspur.it/risorse/softappl/doc/sas_docs/macro/z0543542.htm

Saturday, October 8, 2011

Funny things...

Recording everyday funny things should be a good way to keep healthy...

LW's son LJT holding three dough figures, a penguin, a bird and a bunny, asked S "Uncle, can you tell me they are boys or girls?" S asked him in turn "What do you think?". LJT said "I think they are girls, because they look different from me."


Landlord's daughter E put many pins with beads on a dictionary in front of their house. She and her sister made them. I asked why she did so. She told me that she was selling them and one coin for each. It seems there is a good reason why Canada still needs one coin in the market.

A new word: buncombe...Sounds very funny and useful.

High quality global journalism requires investment. Please share this article with others using the link below, do not cut & paste the article. See our Ts&Cs and Copyright Policy for more detail. Email ftsales.support@ft.com to buy additional rights. http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/7505d210-00ba-11e1-8590-00144feabdc0.html#ixzz1c1sWMzwP
President Nicolas Sarkozy of France welcomed the prospect of a Chinese contribution to the eurozone rescue package. “Our independence would not be put into question by this,” he said in a television interview. “Why would we not accept that the Chinese had confidence in the eurozone and place a part of their surpluses in our funds or our banks. Would you rather they placed it with the US?”----From Financial Times
Comments: Every time I see Mr.Sarkozy's pics, I just want to laugh. He looks like Mr.Bean. He can make people laugh without saying or doing anything. Now I can see his words are funny as well...



(To be continued...)

Sunday, September 18, 2011

tt-test SAS

http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/sas/output/ttest.htm

Sunday, July 3, 2011

ppt editing

Useful links...

http://apps.hi.baidu.com/share/detail/30505431

http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/111792403.html

(Sorry, Chinese...)

Tuesday, June 28, 2011

Professional? Professional!

Today I found I made a silly mistake. I chatted with some fellows and asked them what's the tax letter sent by the government used for. They told me they had already got the tax return...Weird, why I still had not got it??? They also told me if I did not get it through the bank account, I must get a cheque. A cheque? Since I am leaving, I decided to find out what's going on. I checked the letter I received. No cheque...I played with the piece of fancy paper and tried to figure out what the picture meant again. All of a sudden, I saw the word "cheque" on the back of the paper! OMG, it was a cheque!!! S jiejie laughed at me and said that luckily I did not tear it to pieces...
I have many certificates to prove I am professional. I have certificate on computer, language, securities and so on. And the one that once made me very proud of is my CPA certificate, since few people in my department could pass the exams within such a short period of preparation, and get the certificate before graduation. I think I should belong to the kind of people, who know how to prepare for exams a little better than others and have a little luck in the exams. I don't mean to say I am clever. I just want to say if you take a lot of exams, you can have some experience and skills as well. I put all my certificates in a plastic bag. A big bag!!! 


However, those certificates are quite ironic in my eyes, including my degrees. Sometimes I just think others get certificates for career and wealth, and I get certificates for fun and annual association fees...The most ironic ones I think should be my degrees and the certificates related to my major. Although I am a CPA, I have never seen a receipt used in companies. I had a very tough time to imagine how those receipts worked and were circulated in companies when I took the auditing exam. So it is not a surprise that I played my cheque as a fancy paper -_- And moreover, I have no business sense at all! I never watch business news. I don't invest in any financial product. S once asked me to have a try and invest some money in equities. Without thinking, I said no and "did you want to ruin my piggy life?" I also hate credit card and any other card. I always don't know how much money in my wallet and in my account. When my mom asked me about the monthly expenditure after I lived in Canada for some time, I told her that I did not know (I really don't know even now). And to make me not that stupid, I used my fancy accounting terminology and told my mom that it was on-going and I could only know that at the end of year. Of course, my mom knew that her silly daughter continued her silly life in Canada...


I quite envy some of my fellows, especially several girls I lived with. They always know how much money they have and make all the financial issues in great order. While I always did not know whether I got my scholarship/payment or not, how much money my parents gave me and how much I spent...Totally disorder...I think I will never be a rich person, because I hate dealing with money. And I think it will not take a long time, I will be the poorest person among my former fellows and current fellows. The other day I felt quite disappointed when I talked with S about the job opportunities I gave up. I am quite sure that after 3 or 4 years, if I took those jobs, I would have higher payments than what I can receive after getting the PhD degree, even here in Canada. And to make things worse, now what I worry most is not the payment but whether I can find a job...Maybe I will get another certificate later, unemployment certificate,  and food bank's food stamps...It seems I am not only not good at investing money, but also not good at investing my life time...When can I become smart?

Sunday, June 26, 2011

What women want...

Yesterday I watched a movie played by Gong Li and Andy Liu. The moive is called "What women want". It is adapted from Mel Gibson and Helen Hunt's "What women want". To be honest, I did not enjoy the movie very much, because I thought the story was a bit cliche. A man is hit by lightning and gets some super power thereafter. And he uses the power to chase a girl...Boring...
I watched the movie mostly because of the leading actress Gong Li. And yes, I think her dresses look very beautiful in the movie. I don't know why. She gives me a very comfortable feeling, which I cannot find in most Chinese famous actresses, such as Zhang Ziyi, Fan Bingbing and so on. And I don't know why I just think she should have the good characteristics in old times Chinese men expected their wives to have (Haha, I know many Chinese men still wish to find such characteristics in their GF or wives. But I am sure most of them get disappointed nowadays.) For example, I think she should be the type of woman, who is an excellent cook at home, a loyal wife and an excellent mom who knows very well how to raise and educate her kids. She should be very soft and gentle all the time, but during the hard times, she should be able to support and help  her husband overcome the difficulties. Hahaha, above are all my imagination...


Frankly speaking, I don't think she is the typical type of beauty according to Chinese traditional standards. However, I believe if given several Chinese actresses, a foreigner especially a western people should choose her as the most beautiful one. Once my cousin, who studied in Paris, told me that in front of the cinema, there were many beautiful Chinese actresses posters. However, most of the foreigners were attracted by the one of Gong Li. Of course, I am sure those male foreigners should have a different reason why they admired Gong Li from me. I believe it is Gong Li's hot figure, which makes her more beautiful in the eyes of foreigners than other Chinese actresses:P 

Saturday, June 18, 2011

Be a healthy person, mentally and physically

Today I read some articles in a blog (http://yujuanfudan.blog.163.com/blog/#m=0). The blog belongs to a past person. She was a 33 years old young mom and a professor from Fudan University (a very good one in China). She died of breast cancer. Before she passed away, she wrote some articles to record her fight against cancer and thoughts about life. S recommended it to me some time ago to remind me to change my way of life. I know he hates some of my bad habits very much, for example, staying up late, not eating breakfast, not taking exercise and so on...Sometimes we had arguments because of these things and he could do nothing about my life style. Moreover, I believe life is some kind of destiny. Now  I don't tell him at all about my daily life. 

To be honest, I did not want to read such kind of articles, which may make people feel pretty sad. Although sometimes I hate my major very much, I do feel I am pretty lucky that I did not follow my parents' advice to become a doctor, a real doctor. The thing that bothered me then was that in China, some poor people could not afford the high medical expenses. They could not get treatments and could do nothing except for waiting for death. (I am sorry to say this really. I have no mean to say bad words about my country. I love my country. But it does have some serious problems.) If I were a doctor, I was sure that I would be tortured conscientiously. Anyway, playing with numbers may not be a bad choice to a person, who is a bit emotional. I read books on similar topics before. I can recall two books. One (Chinese name:相约星期六) is recorded the conversations of a professor with his student every Saturday in his last few days. ( I cannot remember the name of his disease. It is some kind of losing muscles' normal functions. And I cannot remember the name of the foreign author.) And the other "妞妞-- 一个父亲的札记" written by Zhou, Guoping (周国平), talking about his dead daughter. Oh, another one. It was written by Zhang, Jie (张洁) called "The one who loves me most passed away" (世上最疼我的那个人去了), talking about the last days of her mom. All are very touching.  
I don't know since when I began to avoid reading such kind of books or articles which may make me feel sad. But the other day someone told me some about his life-changing experience, very scary experience indeed. (please don't ask me who or what it is. Personal privacy:) To be honest, I cannot imagine he once underwent such kind of thing. Luckily, all the things magically turned to the good side. However, it still changed his point view of life and made him become stronger and more optimistic and know what's the most important thing in life. His words inspired me a lot. Today I happened to recall the blog thing and I think maybe it is not a bad idea to visit it. If we know how to face death, we may lead a better life. 
To be honest, breast cancer is not strange to me. My grandma and one of my aunts both died of it and both passed away before 40. (Yeah...I know...I have higher chances to get it than normal people.) I witnessed how it turned an optimistic and energetic person into a weak and desperate one. The blog holder's case is more extreme. From discover and diagnosis of the cancer to her death, it only took about 15 months. She was so young and she had such a bright future. More importantly, she had such a young kid. I think as a parent, nothing can make him/her more worried about than their kid's life after their death. Her writing style is quite relaxing and light-hearted in spite of the content she talked about. By the way, I feel really happy that she had a good husband, who supported her mentally and physically during the last days of her life. 

Life is so vulnerable and unpredictable. And it is so short. Should we waste our precious time being unhappy? NO!!!  

By the way, breast cancer is curable during the early phases. If you love your girl friend or your wife, please remind her to take an annual examination:)

Friday, June 17, 2011

Zombie, wake up!!!

Today I have been daydreaming all day along. In J's words, I was in the state of a zombie again. Since paper is almost done, all of a sudden, I don't know what to do next. I only read a paper which I read before and thought a little bit about how to replicate it today. 

Although I felt bored and nothing to do, I indeed have things need to take care of. I told Pro.Z that I would write a short description of her friend's codes she asked me to run, and send it to her, but still I have not done it yet (By the way, I feel pretty good that I can help her, a professor in another field, a little. She is a very cute Chinese girl and I love talking with her. I like writing codes and running others' codes for her as well. I always feel people in other fields consider us as some kind of geeks, because we are always calculating and staring at numbers, equations and tables. However, this time I know my stupid skills can help others a little and I am not totally useless. Wow!!!) And I have not coded the data my supervisor asked me to (hope he forgets about it!). I have not double-checked the results. I have not re-written the codes in Macro language. I have not...OMG, it seems I still have an endless list...
I always feel that I am "kicked" to move on by deadlines or others in my life. I exchanged emails with M the other day. I thought he would talk about G2 test thing and ask me to get my driver's license. Yeah, he really did later as I expected. My poor cousin! He is always more mature than I am and since we were kids, he took care of me a lot like a big brother, although he is only 3 months older than me. The excuse I found for not to take it now was that it was too hot and I did not want to get sun burnt and I had term paper to hand in. I guess later this year I would say no, there is ice on the road. I am afraid! He also said that I should go to watch movies because of the summer movie season. Not attractive to me at all. Maybe next time on my way to the library, I should look at the alumni pics gallery again, find his pic and attach a big pink hello kitty on his face. That would be great fun!!! However, I am too old to play such a game. 

Anyway, I should make a plan this time. So I can see I am making progress and I am not saving all the things to the last min like the term paper. 


Thursday, June 16, 2011

My favorite author...

When I talked about age, I recalled the essay talking about life written by one of my favorite authors, Lin, Yutang (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lin_Yutang). I not only like his articles, but also like his way of living the life. And I think through his articles, people can see many philosophy ideas of Chinese people (although I am not sure such philosophy ideas are still held by modern Chinese people. Anyway, I am an old-style Chinese. I think I can understand and I do appreciate those ideas). By the way, if people who are interested in Chinese cultures and philosophy, his books are very good. And he also wrote and published a lot of books in English. It is his pic...
The article I recalled is this one (sorry, I have not found the English version yet.)


论年老——人生自然的节奏


        自然的节奏之中有一条规律,就是由童年,青年,老年,衰颓,以至死亡,一直支配着我们的身体。在安然轻松的进入老年之时,也有一种美。我常引用的话之中,有一句我常说的,就是“秋季之歌”。
        我曾经写过在安然轻松之下进入老境的情调儿。下面就是我对“早秋精神”说的话。
       在我们的生活里,有那么一段时光,个人如此,国家亦复如此,在此一段时光之中,我们充满了早秋精神,这时,翠绿与金黄相混,悲伤与喜悦相杂,希望与回忆相间。在我们的生活里,有一段时光,这时,青春的天真成了记忆,夏日茂盛的回音,在空中还隐约可闻;这时看人生,问题不是如何发展,而是如何真正生活;不是如何奋斗操劳,而是如何享受自己有的那宝贵的刹那;不是如何去虚掷精力,而是如何储存这股精力以备寒冬之用。这时,感觉到自己已经到达一个地点,已经安定下来,已经战到自己心中想望的东西。这时,感觉到已经有所获得,和以往的堂皇茂盛相比,是可贵而微小,虽微小而毕竟不失为自己的收获,犹如秋日的树林里,虽然没有夏日的茂盛葱茏,但是所据有的却能经时而历久。
       我爱春天,但是太年轻。我爱夏天,但是太气傲。所以我最爱秋天,因为秋天的叶子的颜色金黄,成熟,丰富,但是略带忧伤与死亡的预兆。其金黄色的丰富并不表示春季纯洁的无知,也不表示夏季强盛的威力,而是表示老年的成熟与蔼然可亲的智慧。生活的秋季,知道生命上的极限而感到满足。因为知道生命上的极限,在丰富的经验之下,才有色调儿的调谐,其丰富永不可及,其绿色表示生命与力量,其橘色表示金黄的满足,其紫色表示顺天知命与死亡。月光照上秋日的林木,其容貌枯白而沉思;落日的余晖照上秋日的林木,还开怀而欢笑。清晨山间的微风扫过,使颤动的树叶轻松愉快的飘落于大地,无人确知落叶之歌,究竟是欢笑的歌声,还是离别的眼泪。因为是早秋的精神之歌,所以有宁静,有智慧,有成熟的精神,向忧愁微笑,向欢乐爽快的微风赞美。对早秋的精神的赞美,莫过于辛弃疾的那首《丑奴儿》:
少年不识愁滋味
爱上层楼
爱上层楼
为赋新词强说愁
而今识尽愁滋味
欲说还休
欲说还休
却道天凉好个秋
       我自己认为很有福气,活到这么大年纪。我同代好多了不起的人物,已早登鬼录。不管人怎么说,活到八十,九十的人,毕竟是少数。胡适之,梅贻琦,蒋梦麟,顾孟余,都已经走了。史塔林,希特勒,邱吉尔,戴高乐,也都没了。那又有什么关系?至于我,我要尽量注意养生之道,至少再活十年。这个宝贵的人生,竟美到不可言喻,人人都愿一直活下去。但是冷静一想,我们立刻知道,生命就像风前之烛。在生命这方面,人人平等,无分贫富,无论贵贱,这弥补了民主理想的不足。我们的子孙也长大了。他们都有自己的日子过,各自过自己的生活,消磨自己的生命,在已然改变了的环境中,在永远变化不停的世界上。也许在世界过多的人口发生爆炸之前,在第三次世界大战当中,成百万的人还要死亡。若与那样的剧变相比,现在这个世界还是个太平盛世呢。
        若使那个灾难不来,人必须有先见,预做妥善的安排。
       每个人回顾他一生,也许会觉得自己一生所做所为已然成功,也许以为还不够好。在老年到来之时,不管怎么样,他已经有权休息,可以安闲度日,可以与儿孙,在亲近的家族里,享天伦之乐,享受人中至善的果实了。
       我算是有造化,有这些孩子,孝顺而亲爱,谁都聪明解事,善尽职责。孙儿,侄子,侄女,可以说是“儿孙绕膝”了,我也觉得有这样孩子,我颇有脸面。政治对我并不太重要。朋友越来越少,好多已然作古。即使和我们最称莫逆的,也不能和我们永远在一起。我们一生的作为,会留在我们身后。世人的毁誉,不啻风马牛,也毫不相干了。无论如何,紧张已经解除,担当重任的精力已经减弱了。即使我再编一本汉英字典,也不会有人付我稿费的。那本《当代汉英词典》之完成,并不比降低血压更重要,也比不上平稳的心电图。我为那本汉英字典,真是忙得可以。
       我一写完那好几百万字的巨册最后一行时,那最后一行便成为我脚步走过的一条踪迹。那时我有初步心脏病的发作,医生告诉我要静养两个月。 

When I tried to find this essay, I also re-read some of his essays. And I had a great time! Reading is my favorite hobby and I spent most of my money buying books (not cartoon or fast-consuming love stories written by the internet writers)  when I was a kid. However, as I study more and more about money, I find myself become further and further away from the ideal, tranquil and beautiful world those poems, essays and novels once built for me...What a pity... 

Age...

The other day my silly bf made my age public information to all his friends on his QQ list. As soon as I found that, I asked him to delete it asap. He told me that many friends told him that they did not believe that I was that "old". He thought that may make me feel better. However, in my eyes, it was really not kind of compliment. Just like during the TA office hours, the students always asked me whether I was really a PhD rather than a MA or an undergraduate, which made me feel they doubted about my professional knowledge. 


Recently I am thinking that whether staying in school all the time and never working outside make me so childish. I guess when others say they don't believe my age, it is not because I look young, it is because my childish behaviors. I am thinking that sometimes people grow up because of things they experience but not because of their age. And like in physics, people need some "reference object" to get to know they really "move" in life. Such "reference objects" can be spouses, children, colleagues and so on. However, being at school for a long time, life does not seem to change at all. Go to class, work on homework, sleep as long as you want...Nothing changes. I always find my fellows who have working experience do a much better job than me and they appear more stable and mature. They know much better how to communicate with their supervisors and others. However, during the time when I was still afraid of my supervisor, I always fled as soon as I saw him if he did not see me. And since I thought the econ professor was tough, I did not want to take the front path and leave from the front door, which meant walking in front of him. A, my pretty nice fellow classmate, said I was childish and insisted I left from the front door. Yeah, I did what she said, but I walked so fast that I even forgot to say goodbye to the professor. A is a tough-minded and matured person in my eyes (haha, also very sexy!) I wish I could handle things as maturely as she does. 
But sometimes I do feel I am getting old. The other day I told Pro.K that I was too old. Of course he did not think so because of my small number of age compared with his. However, I do feel that I don't have a young heart as he does. And moreover, I am not energetic and passionate as he is towards life, especially towards work. Sometimes I and J guess the age of some professors. I guess one reason that they look much younger than they are is because they get great fun of what they are doing and find the things they are working on are interesting. 


From time to time, I see young students from the nearby language school. I can see many of the students try to make themselves look more mature than they are. Their appearance make me imagine what I would look like if I was working in the Big Four or other financial institutions. It is really a pity. One day they will know that they have to wear high heels. It is not because they like high heels while it is because they need to wear them to look professional at work and it is the rules of the firms. They will know that they need to use make up. It is not because make up is for grown up women while it is because old women need it to make the poor complexion better. They should really enjoy their time as a young girl. 
Anyway, I think life is just like a song. It has its own rhythm. We should live with the rhythm, and do all the things at their right time. Never try to postpone things or bring forward things from their right time. 

The Women...

Since I was thinking and writing my paper for the past few days, besides drinking more tea, I also spent more time watching films and soap operas to kill my pain. One of the films I enjoyed very much is "The Women", the leading actress is Meg Ryan. I know many people don't like such kind of movies. The topic is quite old. Husband cheats and the wife figures out a way to get her new life. But still I love it. Usually the movies played by Meg Ryan will not disappoint me. She always plays some kind of messy women. I love that kind of characters, just like another character I love very much, Liz Lemon in 30 Rock. Sometimes ago I loved reading other people's personal experience of relations. I find that China, once the most conservative country, is even more open than the western society now. Until recently I finally figured out the abbreviation of "ons" in many Chinese people's articles. It should be the abbreviation for "one-night stand". I am sure many people who use ons are not good at or even don't use English at all in their daily life. However "ons" becomes quite popular and "ons" becomes known to all. Now I almost spend no time reading other people's fighting stories against their spouse's lover, because I feel pretty bad and feel life is so complicated and hopeless after the reading (although previously I thought I was able to learn some lessons from their experience). 
I seldom talk about love affairs with others. However, the other day, when a married friend talked about her husband and their relationship, I shared with her something about my love affairs. I said a lot to cheer her up, tried to find some excuses for her husband behavior and asked her to see the bright side of life. However, she told me that I should not expect marriage to be as sweet as it once was after some time. And she told me that I am too simple and naive about marriage and relationship. And she also said that if I did not learn how to run a relationship and make great effort to hold it, my personal relationship would get into crisis quite easily. I guess she is right. 


Anyway, I hope this world does not become crazier and crazier and more and more people find that loving each other and getting old together as a couple is an extremely beautiful thing...
 
Copyright 2010 NiuNiu's Warehouse. Powered by Blogger
Blogger Templates created by DeluxeTemplates.net | Blogger Styles | Balance Transfer Credit Cards
Wordpress by Wpthemescreator
Blogger Showcase